Bariatric surgery refers to procedures that help individuals lose weight by altering the digestive system. The most common are sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass.
Candidates usually have a BMI ≥ 40, or ≥ 35 with obesity-related conditions. Special consideration may be given to patients with a BMI below 35 if they have Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan and are diabetic.
Sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Revision surgery is also performed in select cases.
A sleeve gastrectomy involves removing about 80% of the stomach, leaving a tube or "sleeve" shape. This reduces stomach capacity and decreases hunger hormones.
Gastric bypass creates a small stomach pouch and reroutes the small intestine, reducing both food intake and nutrient absorption.
Weight loss varies, but patients typically lose 60-80% of excess weight within 12-18 months. Individual results depend on commitment to lifestyle changes.
Risks include bleeding, infection, blood clots, and long-term nutritional deficiencies. The overall complication rate is low when performed by experienced surgeons.
Most patients return to work in 1-2 weeks and resume normal activities within 4-6 weeks. Full recovery takes about 6-8 weeks.
Yes, lifelong vitamin supplementation is required to prevent nutritional deficiencies, especially B12, iron, calcium, and vitamin D.
Many patients experience significant improvement or remission of type 2 diabetes, especially with gastric bypass. Results vary by individual.
The diet progresses from liquids to purees to soft foods over 6-8 weeks. Long-term, patients eat smaller portions and focus on protein-rich foods.
After sleeve gastrectomy, the stomach holds about 2-4 ounces. After gastric bypass, the stomach pouch holds about 1-2 ounces initially.
You'll eat smaller portions permanently. Most foods can be enjoyed in moderation, but some patients may have difficulty with certain textures or very sweet foods.
Not following guidelines can lead to complications like dumping syndrome, nutritional deficiencies, weight regain, or surgical complications.
Follow-ups are typically at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and then annually for life.
Yes, but it's recommended to wait 12-18 months after surgery before becoming pregnant to ensure nutritional stability and weight stabilization
Significant weight loss often results in excess skin. The amount depends on factors like age, genetics, and amount of weight lost. Plastic surgery may be an option.
Alcohol should be avoided initially. When reintroduced, it must be consumed very cautiously as absorption is increased and tolerance is decreased.
Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, causing nausea, cramping, diarrhea, and dizziness. It's more common with gastric bypass.
Costs vary but typically range from $15,000-$25,000. Many insurance plans cover bariatric surgery when medical criteria are met.
Most major insurance plans cover bariatric surgery when patients meet specific criteria, including BMI requirements and documented weight loss attempts.
Most patients must follow a pre-operative diet for 1-2 weeks to reduce liver size and surgical risk. This typically involves protein shakes and limited solid food.
Light walking is encouraged immediately after surgery. More intensive exercise can usually begin 4-6 weeks post-surgery with surgeon approval.
Certain medications like blood thinners, NSAIDs, and some supplements may need to be stopped before surgery. Your surgeon will provide specific instructions.
Most bariatric surgeries require a 1-2 day hospital stay. Some patients may go home the same day, depending on the procedure and recovery.
Laparoscopic surgery uses small incisions and a camera, resulting in less pain, shorter recovery, and smaller scars. Most bariatric surgeries are performed laparoscopically.
While technically possible in some cases, reversal is complex and rarely recommended. It's important to view bariatric surgery as a permanent lifestyle change.
Support includes nutritionist consultations, support groups, psychological counseling, and regular medical follow-ups to ensure long-term success.
Some medications may need to be adjusted in form or dosage. Extended-release medications may not be absorbed properly and may need to be changed to immediate-release forms.
Avoid high-sugar foods, carbonated beverages, tough meats, raw vegetables initially, and foods high in fat. Focus on protein-rich, nutrient-dense options.
Caffeine should be avoided initially but can usually be reintroduced in moderation after the initial healing period. Discuss timing with your surgical team.
The consultation includes medical history review, physical examination, discussion of surgical options, risks and benefits, and answering your questions about the procedure.
Preparation includes pre-operative diet, stopping certain medications, arranging time off work, psychological evaluation if required, and attending educational sessions.
Long-term effects include sustained weight loss, improvement in obesity-related conditions, need for lifelong vitamin supplementation, and potential for nutritional deficiencies if not properly managed.
Small amounts of sweets may be tolerated, but they can cause dumping syndrome in bypass patients and may contribute to weight regain. Moderation is key
Most patients return to desk jobs within 1-2 weeks and physical jobs within 4-6 weeks, depending on the nature of work and individual recovery.
Watch for fever, severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, signs of dehydration, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or signs of infection at incision sites.
A stricture is a narrowing at the connection points of the surgery that can cause difficulty swallowing or vomiting. It can usually be treated with a simple outpatient procedure.
Signs include feeling uncomfortable, nausea, vomiting, or pain in the chest or stomach area. Eating slowly and chewing thoroughly is essential.
Initially, portions will be 2-4 tablespoons. Over time, this may increase to 1/2 to 3/4 cup of food per meal, depending on the procedure.
No, drinking with meals can cause food to pass through too quickly, reduce satiety, and potentially cause dumping syndrome. Wait 30 minutes after eating to drink.
Regular blood tests monitor for nutritional deficiencies including B12, iron, vitamin D, calcium, folate, and other essential nutrients.
Revision surgery is possible but more complex than initial surgery. It may be considered for complications, inadequate weight loss, or weight regain.
Some patients experience mood changes, adjustment difficulties, or changes in relationships. Psychological support is available and recommended.
Prevent weight regain by following dietary guidelines, staying active, attending follow-up appointments, taking vitamins, and participating in support groups.
NSAIDs (like ibuprofen) should generally be avoided as they can increase the risk of ulcers. Alternative pain medications will be recommended.
Food tolerances vary by individual and may change over time. Work with your nutritionist to find alternatives that provide necessary nutrients.
Most patients see rapid initial weight loss in the first 3-6 months, with continued loss over 12-18 months. The rate varies by individual and procedure type.
Resources include nutritionist consultations, support groups (in-person and online), educational materials, mobile apps for tracking, and access to the surgical team for questions.
